Zajímavé aktuální zahraniční články

Aktuální kauzy týkající se programu a politiky Pirátů.


Pravidla fóra

Aktuální kauzy týkající se programu a politiky Pirátů.

Toto je veřejné fórum, které nesděluje politická stanoviska či názory Pirátské strany. V anketách zde může hlasovat úplně každý, kdo má účet včetně robotů a nepříznivců strany.
Dodržujte prosím jeho pravidla a pravidla slušného chování.
Pro lepší diskuzi doporučujeme si založit účet.

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US to let Turkish forces move into Syria, dumping Kurdish allies

White House reveals policy shift following conversation between Trump and Erdoğan

Julian Borger, Bethan McKernan
October 7, 2019
The Guardian
The U.S. Is Now Betraying the Kurds for the Eighth Time



The U.S. has now betrayed the Kurds a minimum of eight times over the past 100 years. The reasons for this are straightforward.

The Kurds are an ethnic group of about 40 million people centered at the intersection of Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq. Many naturally want their own state. The four countries in which they live naturally do not want that to happen.

On the one hand, the Kurds are a perfect tool for U.S. foreign policy. We can arm the Kurds in whichever of these countries is currently our enemy, whether to make trouble for that country’s government or to accomplish various other objectives. On the other hand, we don’t want the Kurds we’re utilizing to ever get too powerful. If that happened, the other Kurds — i.e., the ones living just across the border in whichever of these countries are currently our allies — might get ideas about freedom and independence.



Jon Schwarz
October 7, 2019
The Intercept
Rojava in danger!

Despite all the efforts we did to avoid conflict, our commitment to the security mechanism agreement, and taking all necessary steps on our end, the US forces did not carry out their responsibilities and have withdrawn from the border areas with Turkey.

Turkey’s unprovoked attack on our areas will have a negative impact on our fight against ISIS and the stability and peace we have created in the region in recent years.

As the Syrian Democratic Forces, we are determined to defend our land at all costs.

We call on our Kurdish, Arab, Assyrian, and Syriac people to strengthen their unity and stand by the SDF in defense of their land.

General Command of Syrian Democratic Forces
October 7, 2019
EU warns against Turkish military operation in Syria

The European Union warned on Monday against any Turkish operation against Kurdish-led forces in northern Syria, after a surprise U.S. decision to pull its troops out of the region.

“In light of the statement made by Turkey and the U.S regarding the evolution of the situation, we can affirm that, while recognizing Turkey’s legitimate concerns, the EU has from the very beginning said that any sustainable situation will not be reached by military means,” a spokeswoman told a news briefing.

Robin Emmott
October 7, 2019
Reuters
U.N. calls for protecting civilians in northeast Syria

Civilians must be spared in any Turkish military operation in northeast Syria, where the United Nations hopes that mass displacement and Srebrenica-like killings can be prevented, a senior U.N. aid official said on Monday.

The United States began pulling troops from northeast Syria in a major policy shift, opening the way for a Turkish attack on Kurdish-led forces long allied to Washington and handing Turkey responsibility for thousands of jihadi captives.

The United Nations currently delivers aid to 700,000 people in the densely-populated northeast region of 1.7 million.

It has drawn up contingency plans to reach people who might flee south with food and medical aid, said Panos Moumtzis, U.N. regional humanitarian coordinator for the Syria crisis.

“Any (military) operation that takes place at the moment has to take into account to ensure that we don’t see any further displacement,” Moumtzis told reporters in Geneva. “We are hoping for the best but preparing for the worst”.

Turkey has long argued for the establishment of a 20-mile (32 km) “safe zone” along the border, under Turkish control, driving back the Syrian Kurdish YPG militia - which is the dominant force in the SDF alliance and which Ankara considers a terrorist organization and a threat to its national security.



“For us as the United Nations, the safe zone concept is one that we have a bitter history (with) and actually we never promote or encourage. We don’t think it is something that had worked for the United Nations, keeping in mind Srebrenica and what had happened in the past,” he said.

He was referring to the slaughter by Bosnian Serb troops of 8,000 Muslim men and boys in 1995 in a U.N.-declared “safe zone” where Dutch peacekeepers were unable to protect civilians.



Stephanie Nebehay
October 7, 2019
Reuters
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The Annihilation of Rojava

A US withdrawal from Syria that cleared the way for the destruction of the Kurds’ radical democratic experiment would not serve the cause of peace — and it would not be a blow to US imperialism.

Djene Bajalan, Michael Brooks
October 8, 2019
Jacobin
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The obscure law that explains why Google backs climate deniers. Company wants to curry favour with conservatives to protect its ‘section 230’ legal immunity.



But five years later, Google still funds more than a dozen organisations that deny the climate crisis and oppose political action to try to solve it. Among them is the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI), the group that launched the notorious Cooler Heads Coalition two decades ago, a group of conservative and libertarian pressure groups dedicated to dispelling the “myths” of global heating.

For Google, providing financial backing to groups such as CEI and the Cato Institute – staunch free marketeers – has nothing to do with climate science, and everything to do with its effort to curry favour with conservatives on its most pressing issue in Washington: protecting an obscure section of the US law that is worth billions of dollars to the company.

The law – known as section 230 of the Communications Decency Act – was established in the 1990s, at a time when the internet was in its infancy, and helped to give rise to internet giants, from Google to Facebook, by offering legal immunity to the companies for third party comments, in effect treating them as distributors of content and not publishers.

Section 230, in effect, allowed Google and Facebook to be shielded from the kinds of libel laws that can ensnare other companies, such as newspapers.

The law has important advocates across the political spectrum, from Democrats who hail it as a triumph of free speech, to Republicans who say it has promoted free enterprise and innovation.

But now some lawmakers, including Republicans, think it might be time to revise section 230. The senator Ted Cruz, a Texas Republican, has said Google’s alleged bias in favour of Democrats means it is not a neutral platform and should not be protected from liability.

Google’s decision to give to groups such as CEI reflects an attempt to win friends in Republican and conservative circles, and support those lawmakers on the right who are champions of section 230.



Stephanie Kirchgaessner
October 11, 2019
The Guardian
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Never Forget What the Fascists Did

In Bulgaria, campaigns that equate Communism with Nazism aren’t about defending democracy against “Russian meddling,” they’re about rehabilitating Bulgarian fascism and its complicity in the Holocaust.



But why should a celebration of the defeat of Nazism be considered unwelcome intrusion? The answer owes to the specific anniversary being commemorated — the events of September 9, 1944, the day when the Fatherland Front took over the government. Uniting an anti-Nazi coalition of Communists, Agrarians, Social-Democrats, and military generals, the Fatherland Front came to power against the backdrop of the arrival of Soviet troops. This date is thus usually considered the beginning of socialism in Bulgaria, paving the way for the Communist Party takeover in 1947.

Every year, this anniversary (known as 9/9) triggers debates and denunciations. Liberals never miss an opportunity to bewail the events of 1944 and the “criminal deviation of history” which Bulgarian socialism supposedly represented. But this year, the Russian exhibition added an international dimension to the traditional “September 9 debate.” The problem, for many, was that the defeat of Bulgaria — a Nazi-allied, but sovereign country — was integrated into a general celebration of the liberation of central-eastern Europe from Nazi occupation.



Yet even the legitimacy that might be implied by the word “revolution” is now denied it. Indeed, if during the socialist era 9/9 was celebrated as a revolution, after 1989 it was relabeled a “coup.” As historian Alexander Vezenkov notes, this particular “coup” had the unusual feature that power was immediately handed to a civilian force — the Fatherland Front. But denying that this was a “revolution” has another purpose. Even despite years of vilification, the word “revolution” still invokes mass participation and thus implies a degree of democratic consent, whereas “coup” usually refers to some illegitimate and factional assumption of power.

The Right cannot admit that there was a “revolution,” because this would be to acknowledge that the events of 1944 in any way responded to the aspirations of the mass of Bulgarians, rather than just the Russian “occupiers.” This is also allied to a prominent trend in the post-1989 liberal public sphere — at the source of a continuing historical revisionism — which denies that there was ever such a thing as a Bulgarian fascism, such as might have needed to be fought against. This denial of the basic legitimacy of anti-fascism makes it easier to portray it as a fraudulent, antidemocratic politics imposed by a foreign imperial power.

This historical revisionism necessarily has short shrift for the facts — after all, pre-1944 Bulgaria was anything but democratic. Aside from being a Nazi ally, it was a constitutional monarchy with weak parliamentary life disrupted by coups, suspensions of the constitution, paramilitary violence, and a royal dictatorship that suspended party political life from 1934 until 1944. In January 1941, eight months after it joined the Axis, Bulgaria drafted a Law for the Protection of the Nation which stripped the Bulgarian Jews of civic and political rights and launched a state terror against them.

As an Axis ally, Bulgaria shipped all the Jews from territories it had occupied in Greece and Macedonia to the Treblinka extermination camp. While the Bulgarian government was not explicitly Nazi, it did have overt fascist leanings and created or tolerated a number of fascist organizations. If Bulgaria did, indeed, avoid falling under the Nazi jackboot like neighboring Yugoslavia or Greece, the domestic regime was certainly pro-fascist and provided good enough reasons for the homegrown opposition to fight it. In fact, an anti-fascist resistance emerged even before Bulgaria joined the Axis: it was certainly not just “imported” on the bayonets of the Red Army.



The Foreign Ministry statement also reiterates another common talking-point of the Right, namely, that in 1944 one totalitarianism replaced another. Any celebration of the defeat of Nazism is replaced by the complaint that Bulgaria was “forcefully shut out from Europe by the Soviet invasion.”

The purported moral equivalence of Nazi and socialist “totalitarianisms” then justifies a second move, claiming that socialism was the worse of the two since it 1) lasted much longer, and 2) unlike Nazism, it violated the sacred right to private property. The latter point was made by politicians like Zhelyu Zhelev, the first democratically elected Bulgarian president and a liberal philosopher who introduced the notion of totalitarianism to Bulgaria. Of course, the fascists in power did violate some private property, for example that of the Jews, but it seems that this was a small price to pay for Bulgaria’s Axis membership and the preservation of capitalism in general.

Indeed, if numerous declarations from the European Parliament have explicitly put Communism and Nazism on an equal footing, liberals’ actions betray a preference for one “totalitarianism” over the other. One of the sponsors of the controversial recent European Parliament motion on historical memory, the Bulgarian MEP Andrey Kovatchev, even invited Dyanko Markov — a member of the interwar Nazi paramilitary group known as the Bulgarian National Legions — to the European Parliament. Markov rode the 1990s wave of rehabilitation of interwar fascists: on one solemn occasion, honoring the “victims of Communism,” he excused the deportation of the Jews to Treblinka by calling them “an enemy population.” He spoke those words in the Bulgarian Parliament, no less.

The other Bulgarian MEP who sponsored the European Parliament motion, Alexander Yordanov — a politician from the early liberal anticommunist opposition — publicly insists there was never fascism in Bulgaria. It is worth emphasizing that these MEPs are members of the ruling European People’s Party — the respectable “center-right” — and not from some fringe extremist party.



Jana Tsoneva
October 9, 2019
Jacobin
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Extinction Rebellion Has a Politics Problem

On why it isn’t possible to find an apolitical solution to a political problem…



What’s more, whether its leaders realize it or not, there is a great deal about Extinction Rebellion as it exists now that is already explicitly political in one sense or another. The group notably focuses on strategic activist arrests, which the founders believe are far more effective at garnering public attention than the protests themselves. At last spring’s week-long London demonstrations, over 1,000 people were arrested for taking part in peaceful demonstrations. XR demonstrators as a general rule do not have an antagonistic relationship with the police, and arrests are often accompanied by music from those who remain behind. But isn’t the ability to face arrest without fear, to watch police officers approaching without trepidation, the product of political realities? It’s for precisely these reasons that XR has been criticized as a largely white movement (which it is): The risks associated with the type of police interactions that are the group’s stock-in-trade are far higher for minorities. The XR protesters who win attention for the movement by putting themselves at risk of arrest are able to do so because of existing racial and social hierarchies—hierarchies that are inherently political in nature.



Another reason why this supposedly apolitical position is deeply worrying is because of the increasing prominence of ecofascism, whose adherents embrace both aspects of the green movement and militant xenophobia. Since Extinction Rebellion’s founding, the perpetrators of two major mass shootings—one at a WalMart in El Paso, the other at a mosque in Christchurch—have left behind manifestos that root their xenophobia in ecological concerns. Whether they frame nature conservation in explicitly nationalistic terms, or latch onto overpopulation as an excuse for curbing nonwhite populations, or argue that climate change needs to be halted because of the waves of migration from the global south that will inevitably result, ecofascists are a growing presence within white nationalist and neo-Nazi groups in the United States and elsewhere. To be clear, XR has in no way endorsed these kinds of far-right beliefs. But in the absence of taking any strong stance in the opposite direction, the movement leaves room for these kinds of reactionary forces to gather strength from the mass appeal of XR’s galvanizing pro-green message, its media attention, and its organizing systems. If Extinction Rebellion is truly committed to the principle of ecological justice, it cannot accept a future—or a present—in which environmental refugees from the global south are violently refused entry from the former colonial power whose unchecked CO2 production has birthed the very disasters driving these people from their homes in the first place (something that’s already happening along the southern border of the United States as Central American migrants fleeing drought-induced famine come up against the American border machine). Creating an ecologically just future requires vocal opposition to and rectification of the environmental injustices of the past and present.



Erica X Eisen
October 11, 2019
Current Affairs
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Marek.Necada
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Taloustutkijoiden teholääke autoilun päästöihin: Bensan ja dieselin myynti pantava kortille – "Halvempi keino kuin mikään muu"
Polttoaineiden myyntikiintiöt olisivat tehokkain keino Suomen liikenteen päästöjen puolittamiseen, tutkijat sanovat.
https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11014590


Prodejní kvóty na pohonné hmoty by podle ekonomů byly nejúčinnějším nejúčinnějším způsobem, jak omezit emise z dopravy ve Finsku na polovinu, k čemuž se vláda zavázala. Narozdíl od všelijakých dotací, podpor a jiných dílčích daní (např. za registraci vozu) by to stát vyšlo nejlevněji a konkrétní způsob řešení by se tak přenechal trhu.
Järeät tavoitteet vaativat järeät keinot

Näistä lähtökohdista Liskin työryhmä on luonut mallin eräänlaisesta matokuurista, jolla liikenteen päästöt pannaan kuriin tehokkaasti ja niin halvalla kuin mahdollista.

Työryhmän mukaan valtion pitäisi asettaa liikenteen hiilidioksidipäästöille vuotuinen yläraja eli kiintiö. Kiintiö pienenisi tasaisesti vuotta 2030 kohti.

Fossiilisen bensan ja dieselin myynti siis vähenisi vuodesta toiseen niin, että päästöt puolittuisivat 2030 mennessä.

Näin homma toimisi:
  • Valtio asettaa vuosittain pienenevän kiintiön polttoaineiden hiilisisällölle.
  • Valtio myy päästöluvat polttoainejakelijoille huutokaupalla. Valtio saa huutokauppatulot.
  • Polttoainekauppiaat, kuten ABC, Neste ja Teboil, joutuvat ostamaan yhden päästöluvan jokaista myytävää litraa kohden.
  • Autoilija maksaa verojen päälle tulevan uuden päästöluvan tankatessaan, eli polttoaine kallistuu. Tämä kannustaa vähentämään päästöjä kullekin sopivalla tavalla.
Místopředseda finských Pirátů
Долой царя!
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We checked 100 years of protests in 150 countries. Here’s what we learned about the working class and democracy. The success of mass protests depends on who is doing the protesting.

Many observers fear that democracy is currently at risk — including in the United States and some European countries. Some commentators blame less-educated members of the working classes for the democratic backlash.

According to the stereotype, these voters tend to be skeptical of economic globalization and immigration — and perhaps more inclined to support authoritarian populist politicians and parties. Political analysts tend to see the more educated urban middle classes, in contrast, as staunch defenders of democratic values and principles.

But are industrial workers really an anti-democratic force? In a new study, we systematically examine how citizens have sought to promote democracy in about 150 countries. Here’s what we find: Industrial workers have been key agents of democratization and, if anything, are even more important than the urban middle classes. When industrial workers mobilize mass opposition against a dictatorship, democratization is very likely to follow.



The strongest finding in our study is that protest movements dominated by industrial workers outperform all other protest campaigns in bringing about democracy. Industrial worker campaigns also clearly outperform situations without any mass protest campaigns. There is some evidence that urban middle class movements are associated with democratization, but it is weaker than the evidence of the importance of industrial workers.

Current debates on the recent rise of authoritarian populists may point the finger at the working classes — but our research suggests that industrial workers have been crucial to the historical progress of democracy.

Sirianne Dahlum, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Tore Wig
October 24, 2019
The Washington Post
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Janka.Michailidu
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Conversion Therapy Founder Comes Out Publicly as Gay After 20 Years of Leading Homophobic Program
McKrae Game, the man who founded one of the largest conversion therapy programs in the country and led the homophobic organization for 20 years, has come out as gay.

Back in 1999, Game, 51, started Truth Ministry, a faith-based conversion therapy program in South Carolina, which aims to suppress or completely change a person’s LGBTQ+ sexuality through counseling, interventions, or ministry. The organization was eventually rebranded and renamed as Hope for Wholeness in 2013.

Two decades after its founding, however, Game — who once vehemently preached that being gay would send someone to hell — has now come out as gay to the world.

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Jan.Mares píše: 10 lis 2019, 04:29 Kdo si pročetl tu moji rešerši, toho možná zazazila nenapádná zmínka pod čarou o disproporční migraci voličů Pirátů k AfD. Zvlášť na Východě se tací lidé zřejmě najdou.

Jugend příloha týdeníku Die Zeit udělala několik anekdotických rozhovorů s mladými voliči AfD v Durynsku, přičemž natrefili na zajímavé individuum:
https://www.zeit.de/campus/2019-10/jung ... hl/seite-2
(lehce jsem to redakčně pokrátil)

"Nacionalista
S přiznáním k volbě AfD nemá Daniel Panek žádný problém. Právě jde nakupovat do velkého supermarketu v Erfurtské panelákové čtvrti Rieht. Je v ní nadprůměrná chudova a nezaměstnanost a na poměru Erfurtu i vysoký podíl cizinců (25%). Daniel by si přál Německo, kde je možné “být hrdý na to, že je Němcem.” Stát se má starat hlavně o Němce.
Pankovi je 27 let, je urostlý a oblečen celý v černém. Označuje se za “umírněného nacionalistu” a “pravičáka, které není nacista.”...
Podle něj je v Německu “vnitrostátní tlak”. Klima, ve které se na něj divně dívaji, protože třeba rád poslouchá vojenské pochody (německé samozřejmě, pozn. překladatel) a v okně má vyvěšenou německou vlajku. “Pro většinu lidí jsem pak rovnou nácek.”
Kvůli nemoci může pracovat jen na částečný úvazek a je tedy odkázán na sociální dávky. Dříve pracoval i za méně, než za minimální mzdu. “Mě je jasné, že si křížkem u AfD podřezávám větev i pod sebou.” Sice by prý jeho zájmy jako “národovecky založeného člověka” byly stranou hájeny, říká, ale jeho zájmy jako člověka už nicméně tolik ne.
Dříve byl pro Piráty, protože tráví hodně času na internetu. Ale Piráti toho pro internetovou komunitu udělali příliš málo, míní Panek. Příliš se prý zabývají chozením na demonstraci místo starosti o to zásadní: udržení internetu jako bezprávního prostoru (sic). V roce 2015 se pak rozhodl volit AfD."
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Janka.Michailidu
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Free Internet access should be a basic human right, study says
"Internet access is no luxury, but instead a moral human right and everyone should have unmonitored and uncensored access to this global medium—provided free of charge for those unable to afford it," commented Dr. Reglitz.

"Without such access, many people lack a meaningful way to influence and hold accountable supranational rule-makers and institutions. These individuals simply don't have a say in the making of the rules they must obey and which shape their life chances."

He added that exercising free speech and obtaining information was now heavily dependent on having internet access. Much of today's political debate took place online and politically relevant information is shared on the internet—meaning the relative value these freedoms held for people 'offline' had decreased.

Dr. Reglitz's research attributes to the internet unprecedented possibilities for protecting basic human rights to life, liberty and bodily integrity.

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  • členka republikového výboru
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