Doporučuji si podrobně nastudovat třeba ten poslední dokument. Informace nejsou zkresleny optikou nějakého zájmu. Organizace jako "Koalice proti palmovému olej" operují i se zavádějícími argumenty. Snaha protlačovat například bojkot nenabízí východiska ani pro světovou poptávku po rostlinných olejích, ani pro potřeby populace v místě produkce. Jim konkrétně je to jedno, pro ně je to ten "špatný" palmový olej.
Je třeba se rozhodovat kvalifikovaně, ne populisticky. Na to jsou v ČR jiné strany.
Položme si otázky typu:
Je problémem použití palmového oleje v potravinách a nebo jeho použití do biopaliv?
Co můžeme dělat my v EU?
The main palm oil importers are China, India and the European Union (BisInfocus 2006; USDA 2008a).
...there are changes in the market in response to environmental concerns. For example, in response to pressure, Unilever has committed to using only palm oil from certified ‘sustainable’ sources within 2008, and all the palm oil used by the
company in Europe will be certified as ‘fully traceable’ by 2012 (Unilever 2008).
Když produkce palmového oleje z jednoho hektaru přesahuje až pětinásobně nejbližšího konkurenta a palmy plodí kontinuálně celoročně, není tedy problém mnohonásobně větší zabraná plocha jinými plodinami k pokrytí stávající spotřeby? (V Brazílii je velmi podobný problém s pěstováním sóji!)Opportunities for palm biodiesel producers are, nevertheless, closing in Europe. A 2008 directive issued by the European Parliament on biofuels and renewable energy sources has proposed three criteria for acceptable biofuels: (a) land with high carbon stocks should not be converted for biofuel production; (b) land with high biodiversity should not be converted for biofuel production; and (c) biofuels should achieve a minimum level (35 per cent) of greenhouse gas savings. The European Commission ranked other oil crops (such as rapeseed and sunflower) as having greater greenhouse gas savings than oil palm (European Commission 2008). The future for palm biodiesel is therefore likely to lie within Indonesia and Malaysia themselves, and perhaps in other key consumer countries outside the European Union (i.e., China and India).
Jaký je reálný vliv na místní obyvatelstvo?As soybean agriculture sweeps across South America and elsewhere, fragile ecosystems such as rainforests and savannahs feel the strain. Of particular concern to WWF is the rapid expansion of soybean cultivation into the natural habitat of central Brazil. In some cases, smallholders growing crops for subsistence have been displaced by the expansion of soybean plantations.
https://www.worldwildlife.org/industries/soy
About 10 per cent of Indonesia’s palm oil production comes from government plantations, 40 per cent from smallholders and 50 per cent from private plantations (IPOC 2006).
Jídlo a nebo palivo?Reports on the impacts of large-scale oil palm plantations on local communities differ greatly. Most information, often highly conflicting, is disseminated by companies or by NGOs. Most is based on anecdotes or a small number of selected
cases, and objective research is limited. Large-scale oil palm production has documented benefits. The plantation sector in Malaysia is one of the country’s largest employers, providing income and employment for many rural people. Basiron (2007) comments that ‘involvement in cultivation or downstream activities has uplifted the quality of life of people’.
In Indonesia, 1.7–2 million people work in the oil palm sector (Wakker 2006; Zen et al. 2006). Looking at wider benefits, it is estimated by the industry that the oil palm sector benefits around 6 million people, many of whom have been rescued from poverty (Goenadi 2008). There are also national benefits: export revenues earned Indonesia over more than $12 thousand million in 2007 (Goenadi 2008).
Linky na zdroje:In Southeast Asia, palm oil is the cheapest food oil and it is feared that production for biofuel will link the price of palm oil to rising fuel prices. Using food to produce biofuels might also place further strain on already tight supplies of arable land, thereby pushing up food prices. Domestic prices for palm oil in Indonesia and other countries dramatically increased over the year 2007–08, accentuating this argument. Nevertheless, higher prices for cooking oil and other staple foods (such as soya bean) are also attributed to bad weather and floods in major food producing areas.
http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_f ... /OP-51.pdf
https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/cir ... lseeds.pdf
